怎样准确测量血压和重新认识高血压

How to measure blood pressure accurately and re-evaluation of hypertension

血压是五大生命体征之一,准确测量血压对诊断治疗及麻醉和ICU监测均很重要。高血压是健康中国的大敌。我国高血压患者已达2.45亿人。2017美国心脏协会(AHA)联合美国心脏病学会(ACC)提出新高血压指南(2017AHA新指南)将高血压定义从>140/90 mmHg下调至>130/80 mmHg,目的是加强血压管理和降低血压靶值,以提高高血压防治的力度。据此我国高血压患者将增加1倍,达4.9亿人,同时也极大的增加医疗费用。我国和其他发展中国家能否像美国那样重新定义高血压,仍是一道难题。此外,2017AHA新指南对围术期血压管理也提供一些有益启示。

Blood pressure is one of the five vital signs.Accurate measurement of blood pressure is crucial to diagnosis and management of hypertension.Blood pressure measurement is also an essential component of anaesthesia and ICU monitoring.Hypertension is a major health threat in China.There are 245 million people suffer from hypertension in China.The 2017 AHA and ACC guideline has re-defined hypertension,a change from 140/90 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg,aiming to enhance early intervention and prevention of complications.By lowering the diagnostic threshold of definition for high blood pressure,prevalence of hypertension in China will double,reaching 490 million people.This will result a substantial increase in health expenditure.It is not an easy question weather China and other developing countries should follow this new definition.The 2017 AHA/ACC guideline also presented implications on perioperative management of blood pressure.