汉字应用水平测试书写试题难度及影响因素研究

A Study on the Difficulty Level and Influencing Factors of Chinese Character Writing Test

汉字书写试题是汉字应用水平测试试卷的重要组成部分。从首测到现在,书写试题在出现位置、题型等方面有所调整。试题整体难度和区分度均比较理想,但有少数试题需要修改。其难度首先受汉字本身属性如字频、字表、形体和读音等特征的影响,其次受测试字出现语境是否高频、试题考察能力是否单一等因素影响。在确定各影响因素权重的基础上,设计的难度分析模型可以有效预测试题难度。

The Chinese character writing test is animportant part of Chinese character application level test.From the first test to the present,the Chinese character writing test questions have been through the process of adjustment in position,topic and other fields.Theoverall difficul tylevel and the test question discrimination were ideal,but a few of the questions needed to be modified.The difficulty levels of the Chinese character writing tests first are in fluenced by the characteristics of Chinese characters themselves,such as the frequency,the appearance,the form,and the pronunciation,and they are also influenced by the following factors:whether the contexts of the tested characters appear frequently,and whether the test can only test one type of abilities.On the basis of having determined the different weights of different influencing factors,designing adifficulty level analysis model can effectively predict the difficulty level of the test questions.