美沙酮维持治疗患者社会支持现状及其影响因素分析

Status and Influencing Factors of Social Support of Patients with Methadone Maintenance Treatment

目的分析美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)患者社会支持现状,并探讨其影响因素,为MMT的科学管理提供依据。方法 2016年8月—2017年5月选取于北京市东城区精神卫生保健院进行门诊随访的MMT患者214例为调查对象,对其进行问卷调查,调查内容包括一般资料、社会支持量表(SSRS)评分、日常生活能力(ADL)评分。结果共发放问卷214份,回收有效问卷210份,有效回收率为98.1%。MMT患者SSRS总分为(31.42±3.15)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,个人月均收入(β=1.18,P=0.001)、居住情况(β=-1.37,P=0.014)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)/HIV感染情况(β=-1.06,P=0.016)、吸毒年限(β=0.56,P=0.015)是SSRS总分的影响因素。结论 MMT患者社会支持现状并不理想,影响因素较多,MMT门诊需要提供更多的支持服务,特别关注贫困、吸毒年限较长、HCV/HIV感染、独居群体。

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of social support of patients with methadone maintenance treatment(MMT),so as to provide scientific basis for the management of MMT.Methods From August 2016 to May 2017,214 cases of MMT patients who were selected from Beijing Dongcheng District Mental Health Care Hospital were investigated.The survey included general information,social support scale(SSRS)score,and daily living ability(ADL)score.Results A total of 214 questionnaires were issued and 210 valid questionnaires were recovered.The effective recovery rate was 98.1%.The total score of SSRS in MMT patients was(31.42+3.15).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that personal monthly average income(β=1.18,P=0.001),living conditions(β=-1.37,P=0.014),HCV/HIV infection(β=-1.06,P=0.016)and drug life(β=0.56,P=0.015)were the influencing factors of the total score of SSRS.Conclusion The social support status of MMT patients is not ideal,and there are many influencing factors.MMT clinic needs more support services,with special attention to poverty,longer drug abuse,HCV/HIV infection and solitary group.