6种鳀科鱼脂肪酸组成比较及相关性分析

Comparative and correlation analysis for fatty acid composition in six species of Anchovies

【目的】比较6种鳀科鱼肌肉的脂肪酸含量,并对各脂肪酸组成进行相关性分析,为鳀科鱼的开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】在秋冬季收集来源于湛江海域的印度小公鱼、康氏侧带小公鱼、雷氏鲚、太的黄鲫、杜氏棱鳀和汉氏棱鳀6种鳀科鱼,采用0.5%硫酸—甲醇溶液甲酯化鱼肌肉组织的脂肪酸,利用毛细管气相色谱法测定脂肪酸甲酯含量;再通过IBM SPSS Statistics 20对各脂肪酸组成进行相关性分析和聚类分析。【结果】6种鳀科鱼肌肉饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量为35.02%~48.53%,单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量为13.62%~44.79%,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量为17.31%~44.73%,EPA+DHA达13.09%~37.28%;主要组分间的相关性分析结果表明,C18:2(6)与EPA呈显著正相关(相关系数||r=0.800~0.899,下同),EPA与DHA呈极显著正相关(||r=0.900~1.000,下同),C18:1(9)与C18:2(6)呈显著负相关,与EPA和DHA均呈极显著负相关。聚类分析将6种鳀科鱼分为3组,第一组为印度小公鱼和康氏侧带小公鱼,第二组为杜氏棱鳀、汉氏棱鳀和雷氏鲚,第三组为太的黄鲫。【结论】6种鳀科鱼均含有较高的多不饱和脂肪酸,其中印度小公鱼和康氏侧带小公鱼的EPA+DHA含量在35.00%以上,具有较高的营养价值和开发利用潜力。

【Objective】The fatty acid contents in muscle of six species of Anchovies were compared and the correlations among the fatty acids compositions were analyzed,which could provide reference for development and utilization of Anchovies.【Method】Six species of Anchovies fish including Stolephorus indicus,S.commersonii,Coilia reynaldi,Setipinna taty,Thryssa dussumieri and T.hamiltonii were collected from Zhanjiang seas in autumn and winter.Then fatty acids of fish muscle were treated with 0.5%sulfuric acid-methanol solution,the content of fatty acid methyl ester was determined by capillary gas chromatography.Correlation analysis and cluster analysis for fatty acid compositions were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 20,a statistical software.【Result】The contents of saturated fatty acid(SFA),monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)and polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)were 35.02%-48.53%,13.62%-44.79%and 17.31%-44.73%in six species of Anchovies respectively,and EPA+DHA was 13.09%-37.28%.The results of correlation analysis in major components showed that there was significant positive correlation between C18:2(6)and EAP(correlation coefficient|r|=0.800-0.899,the same below),extremely significant positive correlation between EPA and DHA(correlation coefficient|r|=0.900-1.000,the same below);but there was significant negative correlation between C18:1(9)and C18:2(6),extremely significant negative correlation between C18:1(9)and EPA,and between C18:1(9)DHA.Cluster analysis divided the six species of Anchovies into three groups.The first group included S.indicus and S.commersonii,the second group included T.dussumieri,T.hamiltonii and C.reynaldi,and the third group included S.taty.【Conclusion】The six species of Anchovies all contain high levels of PUFA,among which,S.indicus and S.commersonii contain more than 35%of EPA+DHA content.Therefore,they have high nutritional value as well as development and utilization potential.