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广西甘蔗全程机械化相适应种植行距及模式 被引量:8

Planting Inter-row Distances and Models of Different Varieties Adjusting to Sugarcane Mechanization
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摘要 【目的】研究不同种植行距对甘蔗品种性状及产量的影响,为甘蔗生产全程机械化提供参考。【方法】选取10个不同甘蔗品种,连续7年进行100~160 cm不同行距和宽窄行距组合130+50 cm共7种行距模式的田间试验,测定各模式下甘蔗产量及各农艺性状标。【结果】]种植行距从100 cm增大到160 cm时,甘蔗有效茎数和蔗茎产量均表现出随行距的加宽呈降低趋势。140cm相比110 cm行距模式,甘蔗有效茎数减少4470株/hm^2,减少7.6%;蔗茎产量减产9030 kg/hm^2,减11.3%;有效茎数与产量的相关系数为r=0.5198**;130+50 cm的宽窄行模式在管理水平较高的条件下,品种桂糖31号的第4年宿根栽培可达105 t/hm^2以上的产量水平;品种桂糖31号、粤糖55号在宽行种植下的产量变化差异较小,并有较高的群体茎数自我调节能力和宿根性。【结论】配套相适应的现代田间设施和管理技术的条件下,广西的甘蔗生产全程机械化可通过选择相适应的良种进行140 cm的宽行种植或者130+50 cm宽窄行的种植模式。 【Objective】To provide a reference for the whole process mechanization of sugarcane production,the effects of different planting distances on the traits and yield of sugarcane varieties were studied.【Method】10 varieties were applied in the field tests for 7 years in a row,with 7 inter-row distances of 100-160 cm and models of 50+130 cm,and cane yields and characteristics were tested and recorded.【Result】The millable stalks number and cane yield decreased with dilating inter-row distances in the ranges from 100 cm to 160 cm.Compared with the 110 cm row spacing mode,the millable stalks number decreased by 4470 plants/hm 2,7.6%,and the cane yield was decreased by 9030 kg/hm 2,11.3%.The correlation coefficient of millable stalks number and yield was r=0.5198**,and the 4th rationing yield of Guitang 31 still reached a higher level more than 105 t/hm 2 planted in wide and narrow row under good cultivation condition with dripping irrigation.Little difference of cane yield was found in wide-row planting in some varieties of Guitang 31,Yuetang 55,with good self-adjusting ability for plant individuals and groups,ratooning and more stalks capability.【Conclusion】The 140 cm row spacing as well as wide and narrow rows of 130+50 cm planting model with improved varieties could be applied for mechanization of sugarcane production in Guangxi area under the condition of compatible with modern field facilities and management techniques.
作者 谭裕模 邢颖 蒙炎成 陈桂芬 黎焕光 江泽普 杨绍锷 TAN Yu-mo;XING Ying;MENG Yan-cheng;CHEN Gui-fen;LI Huan-guang;JIANG Ze-pu;YANG Shao-e(Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China;Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China)
出处 《西南农业学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2018年第3期471-477,共7页 Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金 国家现代农业(甘蔗)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-20-3-5) 广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2015JZ32)
关键词 甘蔗品种 机械化 行距 种植模式 Sugarcane varieties Mechanization Row spacing Planting mode
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