不同产地、品种、仓储地点烤烟片烟陈化中化学成分的变化

Changes of Chemical Compositions during Aging of Flue-cured Tobacco on K326 and Hongda in Three Producing Areas of Qujing,Honghe and Kunming

【目的】探究不同产地的K326与红大品种片烟在不同仓储地点陈化的化学成分变化情况。【方法】选择产自昆明、曲靖、红河3地K326和红大品种的烟叶,在曲靖、楚雄、红河、元江4个仓储地点,研究陈化过程中烟叶总糖、还原糖、总氮、烟碱、钾、氯、糖/氮、钾/氯、致香物质、挥发性有机酸、多酚化合物的变化。【结果】K326和红大2个品种的主要差异表现在总糖、烟碱含量上,红大品种的总糖含量高于K326,K326品种的烟碱含量高于红大品种。3个产地的烟叶,红河产地的烟叶总糖含量低,烟碱含量高,昆明产地的烟叶总糖含量高,烟碱含量低;曲靖产地的烟叶总糖含量居中,烟碱含量最低,挥发性有机酸和多酚化合物最高。随着陈化时间延长,烟叶致香物质含量升高,挥发性有机酸、多酚氧化物含量降低,相关分析表明致香物质与氮含量呈显著正相关(R^2=0.37);挥发性有机酸与氯含量呈显著正相关(R^2=0.55),与钾、致香物质呈显著负相关;多酚化合物含量与总糖、钾、氯、糖/碱、氮/碱、挥发性有机酸正相关,与烟碱、还原糖、总氮、钾/氯、致香总量呈负相关。【结论】自然陈化过程中,烟叶产地、烤烟品种对烟叶化学成分影响显著,文章明确了红河、昆明、曲靖3地及K326、红大品种片烟在陈化过程中化学成分含量的变化情况。

【Objective】The present paper aims to explore the dynamic changes of the chemical composition of K326 and Hongda of flue-cured tobacco in different ageing habitats under different producing areas.【Method】The effects of total sugar,reducing sugar,total nitrogen,nicotine,potassium,chlorine,sugar/nitrogen,potassium/chlorine,total amount of incense,volatile organic acids,polyphenols changes were studied in the K326 and Honda flue-cured tobacco under different storage location and producing areas.【Result】Total sugar and nicotine content were the main differences between K326 and Hongda cultivars.The total sugar content of Hongda varieties was higher than that of K326 and the nicotine content of K326 was higher than that of Hongda.For producing area,the tobacco from Honghe had the lowest total sugar content and the highest nicotine content.The tobacco from Kunming had the highest total sugar content and low nicotine content,The tobacco from Qujing had the lowest nicotine content and the highest organic acids and polyphenols.The content of total amount of incense increased with the prolongation of ageing period.The content of volatile organic acids and polyphenol oxides decreased with the prolongation of aging time.The correlation analysis showed that there was significant positive correlation between total amount of incense and nitrogen content(R 2=0.37),volatile organic acids and chlorine content had the positive correlation(R 2=0.55)and there were negative correlation with potassium and total amount of incense.The content of polyphenol compounds was positively correlated with total sugar,potassium,chlorine,sugar/nicotine,nitrogen/nicotine and volatile organic acids,and the content of polyphenol compounds had negative correlation with reducing sugar,total nitrogen,potassium/chlorine,and total amount of incense.【Conclusion】In the process of natural aging,flue-cured tobacco cultivars and the tobacco producing areas have significant effects on the chemical composition of tobacco leaves.This paper explores the differences in the chemical composition of the Honghe,Kunming,Qujing and K326 and Hongda cultivars.