云南芒果栽培种质果实品质性状变异分析

Variation Analysis of Fruit Quality Characters of Cultivated Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Germplasm in Yunnan Province

【目的】研究云南芒果栽培种质果实品质性状及变异情况。【方法】对60份云南芒果栽培种质的单果重、果皮厚度、果核重、可食率、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量和可滴定酸含量等7个品质性状参数进行了测定,制定了适合云南芒果产区果实品质性状精确评价的分级标准,并对60份种质的各品质性状参数在不同级别中的出现频次进行了统计分析。【结果】可溶性固形物含量在各级别中的出现频次接近于正态分布,其余6个参数均呈偏态分布;单果重和果核重普遍较小,总糖含量相对较低,可食率普遍较高,总糖和可滴定酸含量多态性丰富;大多数品质性状为独立性状,果核重、可食率与单果重三者之间、可滴定酸含量与果皮厚度间、可溶性固形物含量与总糖含量间存在极显著正相关,可滴定酸含量与可溶性固形物含量和总糖含量间呈极显著负相关。【结论】选取的60份芒果种质中含有相当数量的优异栽培芒果种质资源,本研究为云南省芒果栽培和品种选育提供了重要的理论基础。

【Objective】The fruit quality characters of cultivated mango germplasm in Yunnan province were studied.【Method】The fruit quality characters including average fruit mass,thickness of peel,stone mass,edible rate,soluble solid content,total sugar content and titratable acid content of 60 mango(Mangifera indica L.)germplasm in Yunnan province were determined,and the classification standard of fruit quality character suitable for accurate evaluation in Yunnan region were developed,and the frequency of germplasm in different grading was statistically analyzed.【Result】The frequency of soluble solid content close to normal distribution,the other six parameters were skewed distribution.The average fruit mass and stone mass were generally small,and the total sugar content was relatively low,but the edible rate was generally higher,and the polymorphism of total sugar content and titratable acid content were abundant.Most of the quality traits were independent character.There was a significantly positive correlation between stone mass,edible rate to average fruit mass,titratable acid content to thickness of peel,soluble solid content to total sugar content,but the correlation of soluble solid content and total sugar content to titratable acid content were significantly negative.【Conclusion】There was quite a number of excellent individuals in the 60 cultivated germplasm.This research provides an important theoretical basis for the cultivation and breeding of mango in Yunnan province.