库车复杂山地开发三维地震采集技术

3D DEVELOPMENT SEISMIC ACQUISITION TECHNIQUE FOR KUQA COMPLEX MOUNTAINOUS AREA

从采集方法的角度,以改善叠前深度偏移成像效果,满足开发三维的地质需要为目标,在分析以往地震资料存在的问题的基础上,从三维波动方程正演和三维物理模拟的三维观测系统论证,明确了库车复杂山地三维设计方向,利用二维模型波动方程正演研究浅层资料对深层复杂高陡构造成像的影响,确定了高陡构造区要解决深层成像问题,需要从提高中浅层信噪比入手,兼顾深浅层成像的设计思路,设计了克深开发三维的观测系统。同时,沿用和深化以往复杂山地的多项配套技术,为克深开发三维获取高品质地震资料打下了坚实基础,初步形成了一套适合套库车复杂山地开发三维的地震采集方法,并取得了良好的初步采集效果。

From the view of seismic acquisition method, this paper aims to improve the imaging effects of prestack depth migration to meet the geological needs of 3 D development. On the basis of analyzing the problems existing in the previous seismic data, the 3 D design direction in the Kuqa complex mountain is defined from thedemonstration of 3 D observation system by the 3 D wave equation forward modeling and 3 D physical simulation.By using 2 D wave equation forward modeling to study the effect of shallow data on deep imaging of complex highand steep structure, the design idea that in order to solve the deep imaging problem in high steep structure area,it is necessary to start from improving the S/N of shallow layers, and consider the deep layers imaging is confirmed, and the 3 D development observation system for Keshen block is designed. At the same time, many seismic acquisition matching techniques for complex mountain areas in the past are used and deepened, which lays asolid foundation for obtaining high-quality seismic data.Through the technical methods above, a set of 3 D development seismic acquisition method suitable for the complex mountainous areas in Kuqa has been initially formed, and good preliminary acquisition effect has beenachieved.