论近代历史小说中的大连叙事——以《孽海花》《中东大战演义》为主

On Dalian Narrations in Modern Historical Novels

中国近代历史小说对大连的叙事有直接、间接之别。间接书写者以甲午战争为描述对象,大连是潜在的背景;直接书写者对近代大连的命运有具体展现。高层的失误、将领的怯战、日军的怀柔、民族国家意识的缺失等,是民心转向的主要原因。叙事空间的显隐影响小说的叙事特征,隐去空间凸显普泛性的集体记忆,张扬的是民族集体情绪;如此叙事,描述事件简洁,但叙事风格飘忽,易使所叙事实产生虚浮感。描绘具体空间,则凸显区域特征,产生朴素真实的叙事效应,描述人物命运则可建构血泪相融的质感。历史小说创作不应忽视主体意识的介入。这样,历史小说才会具备独特的气质和灵动的风格。

Modern Chinese historical novels havea direct and indirect influences on the narration of Dalian.The indirect writer takes the war of 1894 as the description with Dalian a potential background,and the direct writer has a concrete display of the fate of modern Dalian.The main reasons for the turn of the people are the failure of the high level,the timid war of the generals,the Japanese army's invasion and national state's lack of consciousness.The explicit and implicit narrative space affects narrative features.The hidden space can highlight the universal collective memory and the national mood.Such narrative has concise narrative style,but it is easy to make the real sense of narrative in vain.Specific space description can highlight regional characteristics and produce real effect of simple narrative.The describing of the fate of the characters can construct the texture of blood and flesh.The creation of historical novels should not ignore the intervention of the subjective consciousness.In this way,the historical novel will have the unique temperament and the style of spirit.