慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并焦虑抑郁的相关因素分析

Analysis of factors related to anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患者合并焦虑抑郁的相关因素。方法选择2015年1月-2016年12月我院收治的、经治疗后病情处于稳定期的慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患者118例进行汉密尔顿抑郁焦虑量表问卷调查并记录相关资料进行分析。结果慢阻肺合并焦虑的患病率为61.86%,合并抑郁的患病率为72.88%,同时合并焦虑抑郁的患病率为44.92%;吸烟史≥400支/年的患者的HAMA和HAMD评分均显著高于吸烟<400支/年和不吸烟的患者(F=8.947,P<0.05),病程≥20年的患者的HAMA和HAMD评分均显著高于病程10-20年的患者及病程≤10年的患者(F=11.357,P<0.05),大学及以上文化程度的患者的HAMA和HAMD评分均显著高于中小学文化程度的患者(F=9.426,P<0.05);文化程度高是慢阻肺患者合并焦虑抑郁的高危因素。结论慢阻肺患者合并焦虑抑郁的患病率较高,不同文化程度、吸烟史以及不同病程的患者,其焦虑抑郁程度具有差异,而文化程度相对较高是其高危因素。临床医务人员应重视慢阻肺患者的心理健康状况,尽早给予有效的干预措施,提高临床疗效和患者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the related factors of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 118 patients with COPD in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled in this study.The Hamilton Depression Anxiety Scale questionnaire was collected and recorded.Results The prevalence of COPD was 61.86%,the prevalence of depression was 72.88%,and the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 44.92%.The HAMA and HAMD scores of patients with smoking history were≥400(F=8.947,P<0.05).The scores of HAMA and HAMD in patients with≥20 years of disease were significantly higher than those in patients with duration of 10-20 years and the course of disease≤10 years(P=0.05).The HAMA and HAMD scores of patients with college or above were significantly higher than those of primary and secondary education(F=9.426,P<0.05).The high level of education was the high risk factor for anxiety and depression in COPD patients(F=11.357,P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with COPD is different,and the degree of anxiety and depression is different in different educational level,smoking history and different course of disease.The higher education level is the high risk factor.Clinical medical staff should pay attention to the mental health of COPD patients,as soon as possible to give effective intervention measures to improve the clinical efficacy and quality of life of patients.