急性呼吸道感染患儿248例病原体的检测结果及流行病学特点分析

Pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of 248 children with acute respiratory infection

目的分析急性呼吸道感染(ARI)患儿病原体检测结果及流行病学特点。方法通过间接免疫荧光法(IFA)测定248例ARI患儿9项血清病原体,统计病原体检出率,并比较不同感染类型、患儿性别、年龄、季节等病原体检出情况。结果共检出112例病原体,阳性率35.89%(89/248),其中肺炎支原体(MP)检出率最高,占20.97%,其次是乙型流感病毒(INFB),占15.32%;病原体单一感染65例,混合感染24例;女性患儿阳性检出率显著高于男性患儿(P<0.05);阳性检出率随患儿年龄增长而上升(P<0.05);急性支气管炎MP、INFB检出率均显著高于急性上呼吸道感染、肺炎患儿(P<0.05);不同季节发病阳性检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ARI患儿病原体以MP、INFB比较常见,混合感染率较高,且ARI发病呈现季节性、年龄及性别差异特点。

Objective To analyze the pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of children with acute respiratory infection(ARI).Methods 9 serum pathogens in 248 children with ARI were determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA).The detection rate of pathogens was statistically analyzed,and the detection of pathogens was compared among children with different types of infection,different gender,different age and different seasons.Results A total of 112 cases of pathogens were detected,and the positive rate was 35.89%(89/248).The detection rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)was the highest(20.97%),followed by influenza B virus(INFB)(15.32%).Single pathogen infection was found in 65 cases and mixed infection was found in 24 cases.The positive detection rate in female was significantly higher than that in male(P<0.05),and the positive rate increased with the increase of age(P<0.05).The detection rates of MP and INFB were significantly higher in children with acute bronchitis than children with acute upper respiratory tract infection or with pneumonia(P<0.05).The positive detection rate of pathogens showed significant differences in different seasons(P<0.05).Conclusion The common pathogens of ARI in children are MP and INFB,and the mixed infection rate is high.The incidence of ARI shows seasonal,age and gender differences.