浅析康熙朝后妃的民族成分

Ethnic Components of the Empresses during the Kangxi Period

梳理清朝(后金)后妃的民族成分组成,阐述了康熙朝后妃民族成分的复杂化、多样化。康熙朝后妃中不仅有满人还有蒙古人和汉人,不仅有出身高贵的满洲八旗贵女,也有出身低微的满人包衣宫女和汉女。通过对后妃民族成分的分析指出继满(后)妃之后蒙(后)妃、汉妃的出现与清朝所推行的民族政策是分不开的,康熙帝在贯彻"满蒙联姻"的同时,也提倡"满汉一家",加强对蒙古族和汉族的控制。

This paper summarizes the ethnic components of the empresses during the Kangxi period and discusses the complexity and diversity of their ethnicities.From the angle of status,it argues that the empresses did not only include the Manchus,but also the Mongolians and the Han Chinese.They could be noble women of the Manchu Eight Banners,maids of the lower class and the Han Chinese women.Based on such analysis,it is pointed out that the emergence of Mongolian empresses and Han Chinese empresses after the Manchu empresses was inseparable from the national policies advocated by the Qing dynasty.When practicing the“the marriage between the Manchus and the Mongolians,Kangxi also promoted that“the Manchus and the Han Chinese should be one family.”which helped strengthen his control of the Mongolians and the Han.