烤烟移栽井窖制作成穴机理与适应性研究

Study on Working Mechanism and Adaptability of Well-Cellar Making for Tobacco Transplanting

为进一步满足烤烟集约化生产对高效、高质井窖制作的需要,在分析烤烟井窖制作机成穴机理的基础上,在遵义县开展了背负式井窖制作机田间测试试验,完成了井窖口径、井窖深、回土、挂膜、噪声、最佳工作转速范围等方面测试与适应性分析。结果表明:土壤含水量及是否覆膜对所制井窖尺寸影响较大,覆膜后的井窖质量好于同等条件下未覆膜井窖质量,绝对含水量低于15%或高于30%的土壤墒情不适宜制作井窖,机具的防挂膜性能较好、噪声较小,但回土情况较为普遍。根据测试结果,对成穴部件结构提出了相应的改进意见,以更好的适应烟地的成穴。

To meet the need of high efficiency and high quality well-cellar making in tobacco intensive production,the mechanism of well-cellar making were analyzed.And the field experiments on the knapsack well-cellar making machine were conducted in Zunyi county.The test and adaptability analysis included:well-cellar caliber,well-cellar depth,well-cellar wall collapse,machine twining film,noise,optimum operating speed range and so on.The results showed that the soil humidity and film mulching or not had great effects on the well-cellar size.The well-cellars with mulching were better than these without mulching in the same condition.The analysis indicated that soil humidity below 15%or above 30%was not suitable for making well-cellar.And the machine was better to prevent twining film and the noise is lower.However,it was quite common to cover soil.Finally,the improvement proposal of well-cellar forming unit was put forward to better adapt it to well-cellar making.