汽车排气消声器声学性能改进研究

Study on Acoustic Performance Improvement of Automotive Muffler

为改善某消声器声学性能,利用GT-power建立了发动机—消声器的耦合模型,对耦合模型进行仿真分析,得到了消声器的插入损失和排气背压,并通过对比台架试验数据验证了耦合模型的可靠性。以尽量不影响排气背压为条件,以提升消声器插入损失为目标,根据LMS的仿真和声场云图分析,提出了切合实际的改进方案。改进后的仿真分析和验证实验表明,改进方案在排气背压改变不大的前提下,有效地提升了消声器的降噪效果。文章的研究对汽车排气系统中消声器的选配具有重要的工程参考意义。

To improve the acoustic performance of a muffler in passenger vehicle,An Engine-muffler coupled model is built,on which the Insertion Loss and back pressure of exhaust system are simulated and analysed with GT-power soft,and the model was proved to be reliable by comparison with the bench tests results.An improved design is given with Increasing the Insertion Loss as objective and keeping the back pressure as premise according to the simulation and analyses of the muffler's sonic nephogram in LMS soft.The simulation and the experimental results indicate that the improvement scheme improves the acoustic performance effectively and keeps the back pressure not change so much.The research is a valuable engineering reference for muffler matching of the automotive exhaust system.