河流功能模糊综合评价模型研究与应用

Study and application of comprehensive fuzzy assessment model for river function

综合考虑河流功能的开放性、多样性和变化性,将河流功能分为自然、生态环境和社会服务3类,运用模糊理论,构建指标体系,制定评价标准,建立河流功能综合评价模型。以珠江流域的北江水系为例,选取石角水文站作为控制站点,采用2010年数据,选择年径流变化率、河床稳定性、生态用水保障程度、河岸带植被覆盖率、物种多样性、水质达标率、水景观状态指数等有代表性的指标对其河流功能运行情况进行了综合评价。结果显示,北江河流功能运行状况总体为"优",表明在对北江的开发利用过程中,兼顾治理与保护,各功能之间相互协调,即在有效发挥河流自然功能的同时,充分利用了其生态环境功能和社会服务功能。评价结果与实际情况较接近。

Under comprehensive consideration of the openness,diversity and variability of river function,the function is divided into three classes,i.e.natural environment,eco-environment and social service,and then a comprehensive assessment model for river function is established through constructing index system and making assessment criteria with fuzzy theory.The hydrology station of Shijiao is selected as the control station,and representative indicators in 2010 are selected such as annual runoff change rate,river bed stability,ecologycal water security riparian vegetation coverage,species diversity,water quality control rate and water landscape status index,etc.The status of the river function of the North River System in Pearl River Basin is comprehensively assessed herein by taking the river system as the study case.The result shows that the status of the river function of the North River System is generally excellent,which indicates that considerations are given to both the improvement and protection and the inter-coordination among all the functions during the development and utilization of the North River,that is to say,while the natural function of the river is effectively brought into full play,its eco-environmental function and social service function are fully utilized;from which the assessment results are more closed to the actual conditions therein.