隧道岩溶段涌水突泥风险评价体系初探

Preliminary study on risk evaluation system of water inrush and mud burst in karst section of tunnel

研究隧道施工过程中岩溶段发生涌水突泥地质灾害的风险评价体系,为预防和治理灾害提供依据,尽可能降低施工过程中灾害带来的损失。首先,根据风险控制目标和形成条件划分风险影响因素,基于风险评价理论建立岩溶隧道涌水突泥地质灾害发生的风险综合评价模型。其次,通过资料收集、地质调查、洞内观察、仪器探测等方法获得评价要素的基本特征资料,明确风险指标要素的分级标准。最后,通过工程案例分析,按三阶段控制目标进行综合评价与验证。结果表明:考虑影响因素的动态属性,对涌水突泥地质灾害进行分阶段风险评价更符合工程实际情况;暴雨和岩壁厚度对风险发生概率影响较大,应着重控制;有针对性的治理措施可明显降低风险。研究成果可以广泛应用于水利、交通、矿山等项目的工程施工管理,为编制施工方案和实施灾害防治措施提供依据。

The risk evaluation system of geo-disaster from water inrush and mud burst occurred in the karst section during tunne-ling is studied herein,so as to provide the basis for disaster prevention and control,and then reduce the loss from the disaster during the construction as lower as possible.At first,the risk impacting factors are divided in accordance with the risk control target and forming conditions,and then a comprehensive evaluation model for the risk from the geo-disaster of water inrush and mud burst in the karst section of tunnel is established on the basis of the relevant risk evaluation theory.Secondarily,the data of the basic characteristics of the evaluating factors are obtained and the classification standard for the risk index factors is defined through the methods of data collection,geological investigation,in-tunnel observation,instrument detection,etc.At last,com-prehensive evaluation and verification are made according to the control target in three phases through the analysis on the relevant engineering case.The result shows that under the consideration of the dynamic attributes of the impacting factors,the risk evalua-tion of the geo-disaster of water inrush and mud burst made in phases more accords with the actual engineering condition.The im-pacts from rainstorm and the thickness of rock wall are larger on the occurrence probability of the risk,thus must be emphatically controlled,while the risk can be obviously lowered by the targeted control measures.The study result can be widely applied to the construction managements of the projects such as water conservancy,traffic,mine,etc.as well as provide a basis for making construction scheme and implementing disaster control measures.