可燃冰研究现状及商业化开采瓶颈

Research status of combustible ice and the bottleneck of its commercial exploitation

可燃冰作为世界公认的清洁高效的能源,吸引了各国政府的关注和资金投入。调研了国内外可燃冰分布情况及美国、日本、俄罗斯、加拿大等国家对可燃冰的勘探开发现状,分析了国内外海底、陆地冻土带可燃冰试采案例,介绍了中国可燃冰开发方案的研究、开采关键技术形成及成功试采的过程,对中国南海神狐可燃冰试采应用的8项创新技术进行了剖析,阐述了可燃冰的9种不同开采方式的原理及适用储层,指出可燃冰商业化开采面临开采成本、温室效应、地质灾害、环境效应等问题。提出可燃冰的开采应谨慎对待,"资源需求"和"环境安全"之间需要统筹考虑,既要保护人类赖以生存的环境,又要让可燃冰资源持续造福子孙。

Combustible ice is globally recognized as a clean and efficient energy and attracts the concerns and investment of governments.The distribution of combustible ice all over the world and its exploration and development status in the United States,Japan,Russia and Canada were firstly investigated.Secondly,the cases of combustible ice production test in subsea areas and land tundras were analyzed.Thirdly,the researches on combustible ice development program,the formation of key exploitation technologies and the process of successful production test in China were introduced.Fourth,eight innovative techniques applied to the combustible ice production test in Shenhu,the South China Sea were analyzed.Fifth,the principles and applicable reservoirs of nine combustible ice exploitation modes were expounded.Finally,it was pointed out that the commercial exploitation of combustible ice is faced with the problems in terms of exploitation cost,greenhouse effect,geological disaster and environmental effect.It is recommended to treat the exploitation of combustible ice cautiously,and consider“resource demand”and“environmental safety”overall.It is necessary to protect the basic environment for the survival of human being,while making combustible ice resources benefit the offspring constantly.