社区老年人口腔健康知信行问卷的编制及信效度检验

Development and validation of oral health knowledge belief and behavior questionnaire for community elderly

目的编制社区老年人口腔健康知识、信念及行为问卷,并检测其信效度。方法以"知信行"理论和"健康信念模式"为指导,通过与老年人接触、文献查阅、2轮专家咨询、预试验形成正式施测问卷。对23名老年人间隔2周进行2次测试,检验问卷重测信度;对412名社区老年人进行正式施测,检验问卷信效度,形成最终版问卷。结果经因子分析提取10个因子,共47个条目。知信行3个层面累计解释变异量分别为53.24%、62.30%、48.72%。问卷内容效度分别为0.930、0.880、0.824,条目内容效度为0.800~1.000;Cronbach′sα分别为0.827、0.816、0.856;折半信度为0.676、0.727、0.762;3个层面的重测信度0.814~0.930。结论问卷具有良好的信效度,可以用于社区老年人口腔健康知识、信念及行为评估。

Objective To develop oral health knowledge belief and behavior questionnaire for community elderly,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods Guided by the theory of knowledge,beliefs and behavior and the health belief model,an formal questionnaire was formed through contacting with older people,literature review,2 rounds expert consultation and a pilot study.And the questionnaire was used to survey 23 elderly people twice at an interval of 2 weeks to test its retest reliability.Then a formal investigation was conducted among 412 community elderly to test its reliability and validity,and to form a final questionnaire.Results A total of 10 factors were extracted by factor analysis,which consisted of 47 items.The cumulative explanatory variation of know-ledge,belief and behavior was 53.24%,62.30%and 48.72%respectively.The S-CVI was 0.930,0.880 and 0.824,and I-CVI was 0.800-1;Cronbach′sαwas 0.827,0.816,0.856;the split half reliability was 0.762,0.676,0.727;and the test-retest re-liability of the 3 levels was 0.814-0.930.Conclusion The questionnaire has good reliability and validity,and it can be used to eva-luate oral health knowledge,belief and behavior for community elderly.