中国主要东方蜜蜂种群的遗传多样性分析

Analysis of genetic diversity of main Apis cerana populations in China

对中国具代表性的东方蜜蜂遗传资源中7个种群的线粒体DNA tRNA^(leu)~COⅡ基因进行扩增和测序,并进行遗传多样性比较及亲缘关系分析。结果表明,共发现43个单倍型,其中10个单倍型在GenBank数据库对比确认属于新发现单倍型;7个群体中,阿坝中蜂、滇南中蜂和海南中蜂遗传多样性水平较高,长白山中蜂遗传多样性水平较低,其他群体遗传多样性居中;不同种群间遗传距离变化较大,其中海南中蜂与滇南中蜂、阿坝中蜂间的遗传距离最大,长白山中蜂与云贵中蜂、北方中蜂、华南中蜂间的遗传距离最小;聚类分析显示7个种群可聚为4个类群。

The mitochondrial DNA tRNA leu^COⅡgenes in 7 populations of Apis cerana Fabricius in China were amplified and sequenced,and their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 43 haplotypes were identified,of which 10 haplotypes were identified as new haplotypes in the GenBank database.Among the 7 populations,Aba bee,Hainan bee and Yunnan bee had higher level of genetic diversity,Changbai Mountain bee had lower level of genetic diversity,other populations were intermediate;The genetic distances between different populations varied greatly,of which Hainan bee had the maximum genetic distance from Yunnan bee and Aba bee.The genetic distances between Changbai mountain bee and Yunnan bee,Middle China bee,Northern China bee and Southern China bee were small;Cluster analysis showed that the 7 populations could be clustered into 4 taxa.