恩格斯国家治理思想探析——基于《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》文本

Explorations on Engels' Thought on State Governance

在《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》一文中,恩格斯继承了马克思的观点,在对国家的起源、本质、职能等问题的分析中阐述了国家治理的思想和观点。恩格斯认为,国家不是从来就有的,也不是维护资产阶级统治的工具;国家具有公共管理的本质职能;资本主义国家治理只是维护资产阶级统治的工具;近代资本主义国家治理在法律和财政税收上统治着人民。恩格斯国家治理思想可以为中国特色社会主义国家治理提供理论源泉,为理清国家治理新思路、探索国家治理的新方法提供借鉴。

In his book,“The Origins of Family,Private Ownership,and Countries”,Engels,inheriting Marx's view,analyzed the origin,the nature and the function of countries and demonstrated his thought and view on state governance.Engels demonstrated the following views.First,countries did not exist from the very beginning,and were not tools to maintain the ruling of capitalist class.Second,countries showed their functions in public management.Third,the state governance conducted by capitalists was only the tool to maintain the ruling of capitalist class.Fourth,the state governance conducted by capitalists in modern times led to governance on people in law and taxation.Engels'thought can be taken as a theoretical source for socialist state governance with Chinese characteristics.The thought can be taken as reference for us to make clear new thought and explore new approaches for state governance.