蚕蛹蛋白纤维的化学性能研究

Study on Chemical Properties of Pupa Protein Fiber

蚕蛹蛋白纤维是一种既含有纤维素又含有蛋白质的改性复合纤维,了解其经不同化学试剂处理后的性能变化十分必要.试验对经不同常用化学试剂处理后的纤维的外观形态、微观结构以及纤维质量损失和纤维拉伸断裂性能进行了分析.结果表明:蚕蛹蛋白纤维在20℃低浓度酸溶液中有较好耐受性,但在浓酸溶液会发生溶解.当酸处理温度超过60℃,纤维处理时间超过15 min后,纤维因分子链中苷键断裂而导致纤维素水解发生溶解现象.蚕蛹蛋白纤维在低温低浓度碱溶液中质量损失率较小,处理1 h后纤维质量仅损失3%,但强度损失较严重,纤维断裂强度最多损失23.6%.纤维在高温碱溶液中因富集在表面的蛋白质链中的盐式键断裂而发生溶解.蚕蛹蛋白纤维对过氧化氢有较好的耐受性,但次氯酸钠对纤维损伤严重,特别是对纤维强度的影响很大.

The pupa protein fiber is a kind of modified composite fiber which containing cellulose component and protein component,so it is very crucial to understand the performance change after different kinds of chemical reagent treatment.In this experiment,the appearance,microstructure,fiber quality loss and tensile fracture properties of fibers were analyzed after treatment with different chemical reagents.The results showed that:the pupa protein fiber has good tolerance at 20℃low concentration acid solution,but was dissolved in strong acid solution;when the temperature of the acid treatment rises above 60℃,the fiber processing time was over 15 min,the fiber was dissolved due to glycoside bond in the molecular chain rupture.The quality loss rate of pupa protein fiber was small in the low temperature and low concentration alkali solution,and the fiber quality was only 3%after 1 h treatment,but the strength loss was more serious and the fiber breaking strength was lost by 23.6%.The fibers was dissolved in the high temperature alkaline solution due to the breakage of the salt bond in the protein chain enriched in the surface.Pupa protein fiber has a good tolerance to hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite causes a serious damage to fiber,especially to the fiber strength.