单叶刺槐半同胞子代苗期性状变异分析

Analysis of seedling traits variation of half sib progenies of Robinia. pseudoacacia f. unifolia

刺槐材质优良,适应性广,抗逆性强,种质资源丰富,在其半同胞家系中存在丰富的遗传变异,为刺槐的杂交遗传改良提供了丰富的资源。本研究以单叶刺槐自由授粉的101株子代为试材,对其性状遗传变异进行检测分析,探究其遗传变异模式。结果表明:半同胞家系群体的小叶存在丰富变异,1~25叶均有分布。根据小叶数的不同将半同胞家系群体分为1~5叶(Ⅰ型)、7~15叶(Ⅱ型)、17~25叶(Ⅲ型)3类。Ⅰ型刺槐在小叶面积及周长上显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ型刺槐,在刺长度上显著低于Ⅲ型,在光合、荧光及叶绿素含量上,三者无显著差异。采用13对引物对所有子代进行SSR分子标记检测,推测半同胞家系群体中至少有78.22%的子代为异交,说明单叶刺槐半同胞家系群体自交率较低,以异交为主。本研究为刺槐杂交育种和种质资源的培育提供了参考。

Robinia pseudoacacia has excellent material,wide adaptability,strong resistance to stress and abundant germplasm resources.There is abundant genetic variation in the half-sib family of Robinia pseudoacacia,which provides abundant genetic resources for the cultivation and genetic improvement of hybrid Robinia pseudoacacia.In this study,taking 101 strains of half-sib family as the test material,the genetic variation was analyzed to explore the genetic variation mode.The results showed that abundant variations were existed in the leaflets of the half-sib family,and were distributed in 1-25 leaves.According to the number of leaflets,the half-sib family was divided into three groups:1-5 leaves(typeⅠ),7-15 leaves(typeⅡ)and 17-25 leaves(typeⅢ),the leaf area and perimeter of typeⅠwas significantly lower than typeⅢand significantly lower than typeⅢin sting length.But there was no significant difference in photosynthesis,fluorescence and chlorophyll content among the three types.The progenies were detected through SSR molecular markers by 13 pairs of polymorphic primers.It was speculated that more than 78.22%progeny in the half-sib family was from the outcross,indicating that the self-fertility rate of the half-sib family was very low and most of them were interception.This study provided a reference for the breeding of locust hybrid breeding and germplasm resources.