唐代茶诗中道家思想出现的原因探析

A probe into the reasons for the taoism appeared in tea poetry of the Tang Dynasty

中国茶文化的兴盛始于中晚唐。陆羽著《茶经》,首次将饮茶作为一种艺术引入茶文化中,并融入茶文化以道家美学思想。本文旨在探析唐代茶诗中道家思想出现的原因。唐代是诗的盛世,也是茶的兴盛时期,茶诗的出现,是这种社会历史条件下的必然。茶的养生功效和自然属性,与道教的长生观,以及道家崇尚自然的美学观点是相契合的,使得茶在道教修炼成仙的过程中显得极其重要。同时,茶所具有的隐逸身份,使深受道家思想影响的唐代文人,在仕途遭受挫折后,以茶为契机,将精神寄托于道教的神仙之境或隐于道家的青山道场中,以求得灵魂的解脱。

The prosperity of Chinese tea culture was originated from the middle and late Tang Dynasty.The"Tea Classics"written by Lu Yu incorporated drinking tea into the tea culture as an art form for the first time,and the tea culture was endowed with the a esthetic ideology of Taoism.The paper focuses on probing the reason for the emergence of Taoism in tea poetry written in Tang Dynasty.Tang Dynasty was not only the heyday for poetry,it also was the prime age of tea.Thus,the emergence of tea poetry was inevitable in such a social and historical condition.The regimen effects and natural attributes of tea are closely related with the view of longevity of Taoism and esthetical viewpoints of Taoism,which advocate the beauty of nature,thereby tea playing a vital role in the process to become immortal in Taoism.The hermit identity of tea makes the Tang dynasty literaties which deeply influenced by Taoism.After their official career was suffered setbacks,they took tea as an opportunity,and putted their spirit on the fairy land of Taoist or hidden in the Taoist castle peak,so that their soul could get rid of the constraint.