二氧化硅气凝胶/聚丙烯熔喷非织造材料的制备及性能研究

Study on Preparation and Properties of SiO_2 Aerogel/PP Melt-blown Nonwovens

通过熔喷非织造技术制备了一定质量比(1/100、2/100、3/100)的二氧化硅(SiO_2)气凝胶/聚丙烯(PP)熔喷非织造材料,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、万能材料试验机、透气量仪及滤料试验系统测试分析该非织造材料的结构形貌、结晶性能、晶型结构、力学性能、透气性、过滤性能等性能,结果表明:通过SiO_2气凝胶改性的熔喷非织造材料的纤维直径增大,纤维网结构疏松;其熔喷材料结晶度提高,但晶型较改性前并未改变;其透气率增高,SiO_2气凝胶/PP熔喷非织造材料的过滤效率相比单一PP熔喷非织造材料提高了约50%,但随着SiO_2气凝胶添加量增加,其拉伸力学性能有所下降。

The SiO2 aerogel/PP melt-blown nonwovens with certain mass ratio of 0/100,1/100,2/100 and 3/100 were prepared by melt-blown nonwoven technology,and the surface morphology,crystallization properties,crystal structure,mechanical properties,air permeability and filtering property of SiO2 aerogel/PP melt-blown nonwovens with different SiO2 aerogel content were studied respectively with SEM,XRD,universal material testing machine,air permeability instrument and filter material test bench.The experimental results show that the fiber diameter of SiO2 aerogel/PP melt-blown nonwovens increases and the fiber-network is loose.The crystallinity of SiO2 aerogel/PP melt-blown nonwovens increases with the increase of the SiO2 aerogel content,and the crystal form is not changed.The filtering property of SiO2 aerogel/PP melt-blown nonwovens increases by 1.5 times of pure PP nonwoven material,and the air permeability also increases.But the tensile mechanical property decreases with the increase of SiO2 aerogel content.