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血液超滤在心力衰竭容量管理中的应用现状 被引量:3

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摘要 心力衰竭是各种心血管疾病的严重阶段,其发病率高,病死率高,预后差。随着心血管疾病发病率的增加和人口老龄化,心力衰竭发病率呈快速增长趋势。抗心力衰竭药物和器械治疗取得了一定的进展,容量管理在心力衰竭的管理中起着重要的作用。1容量超负荷的机制心力衰竭患者因体液潴留导致组织充血水肿。心脏泵血功能不足引起心输出量下降,动脉充盈不足,有效循环血容量减少,刺激压力感受器,激活交感神经系统(SNS)和肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS),神经体液调节使肾脏保钠保水[1];另一方面,肾血流灌注减少,肾血管收缩致肾小球滤过率降低,促进肾小管钠水重吸收的增加。钠离子是细胞外液最重要的阳离子,体内钠离子总量决定了细胞外液的总量,最终导致细胞外液量增加。钠水潴留在心力衰竭早期可起到一定的代偿作用。
出处 《心电与循环》 2018年第2期67-71,共5页 Journal of Electrocardiology and Circulation
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