生物质三组分的催化气化特性研究

Catalytic Gasification Characteristics of Three Biomass Components

以生物质三组分(纤维素、半纤维素和木质素)作为实验原料,采用常用的白云石作为催化剂,在小型气流床气化炉上进行气化催化实验。重点研究了白云石对生物质三组分的催化气化特性以及焦油析出特性的差异。结果表明:白云石对纤维素、半纤维素、木质素均起到正向催化作用,提高了三者的碳转化率、气化效率以及气体热值;同时,白云石对三组分的催化作用存在明显差异,其中,对半纤维素的促进催化作用最为显著,木质素次之,对纤维素的促进作用不明显。因此,针对不同组分含量和特性的生物质选择适当的催化剂是必要的。

In this paper,catalytic gasification experiments of biomass were performed using dolomite as catalysts in a small-scale entrained-flow gasifier.In the experiments,three major biomass components including cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin were selected.More attentions were paid on the differences of catalytic gasification characteristics among these biomass components.The results showed that the dolomite played positive catalytic role on the gasification of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.The gasification efficiency,calorific value of gas,and carbon conversion rate were improved.The tar yields reduced significantly.There were significant differences of catalysis among these components.Dolomite could enhance the process of hemicellulose gasification.No enhancement was observed for cellulose.Therefore,the selection of catalyst for biomass gasification depended on the components and properties of biomass.