基于住宅特性的上海地区冬季夜间卧室渗透风换气次数分析

Analysis of Bedroom Infiltration Ratio Based on Residential Characteristics During Winter Nights in Shanghai

由上海地区住宅冬季夜间卧室门窗关闭时CO_2体积分数现场检测结果得到卧室夜间渗透风换气次数,根据检测住宅的问卷调查结果,运用统计学中相关分析和多元回归分析方法,宏观分析住宅特性与冬季夜间卧室渗透风换气次数的相关性。研究结果表明:所检测的上海地区冬季夜间卧室渗透风换气次数在0.07~0.88 h^(-1)之间,多数住宅仅靠渗透风量不能满足最小新风量的要求。按影响强弱排序,窗户类型、门窗缝隙长度、住宅类型均与渗透风换气次数有显著相关性;利用现场实测的25个住宅实测样本建立预测上海地区冬季夜间卧室渗透风换气次数的多元线性回归模型,其渗透风换气次数预测值与计算值平均绝对百分误差为26.7%,标准差为0.025 h^(-1)。利用未参与建模的5个实测样本对模型进行验证,模型预测值与计算值的相对误差在-20.4%~24.2%。所建模型可为上海地区住宅冬季夜间卧室渗透风换气次数快速评估及建筑能耗预测提供参考。

The infiltration ratio during winter nights were obtained in terms of on-site detection of CO 2 concentration in bedrooms of Shanghai residential buildings when their doors and windows closed.Based on the results of questionnaire survey,the correlation between the residential characteristics and the infiltration ratio of the detected bedrooms during winter nights were studied using correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.The results showed that the infiltration ratio of Shanghai residential buildings in winter nights ranged approximately between 0.07 and 0.88 h-1.The infiltrated air couldn’t meet the minimum ventilation requirements for most residential buildings.There was a significant correlation between the window type,the gap length of the door and window,the house type and the infiltration.Based on 25 onsite samples,the multiple linear regression model of winter infiltration ratio in Shanghai was established.The results showed that the average relative error between the predicted values and the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)was 26.7%,and the standard deviation was 0.025 h-1.The model was validated by the other 5 onsite samples.Its relative error between the predicted values and the calculated values ranged between-20.4%and 24.2%.The model can provide references for the rapid assessment and prediction of the infiltration ratio in bedrooms of Shanghai residential buildings during winter nights.