对水闸设计几个问题的讨论

Discussion on Several Problems in the Design of Sluice

该作者在学习2016版《水闸设计规范》后,提出以下意见,并结合自身工作实践,提出相应建议:应修改消力池范围定义免至引起设计慨念混乱;应明确消力池和海漫各自的功能,并严格控制海漫上的流速使之与下游河道流场平顺衔接,宜用扩散反坡海漫;闸孔开启应尽可能接近设计的二维水力学条件;地基的防渗和排水应当作一个完整的系统工程考虑而不应割裂单独研究;反滤排水孔过水面积应与透出的渗流量相应应;现行闸基抗滑稳定安全系数取值偏小,且判断基础不均沉降的方法不合理;软土地基侧向变形对地基沉降的影响不能忽略。文中意见和建议可供水闸设计人员和规范修编工作者参考。

After studying《Specification for Sluice Design》issued in 2016,this paper points out the existing problems in the design of sluice.It is proposed that the definition of the scope of the stilling basin should be modified to avoid any confusion in design.It is necessary to clarify the functions of the stilling basin and the apron;flow velocity on the apron must be controlled strictly which can connect with the downstream channel flow field smoothly,it is suggested to use diffusion apron with slop up;when opening the gates of sluice,the water discharge should be approach to the condition of two dimensional hydraulics in design as much as possible;the design about seepage-proofing and drainage of foundation must be considered synchronously;the discharge area of inverse filtering drain hole should be corresponding to seepage discharge.The current anti-sliding stability security coefficient for sluice foundation is smaller,and the method of judging about differential settlement of the foundation is not reasonable;the settlement caused by lateral deformation of soft ground cannot be ignored.All the comments and suggestions in this paper can be as a reference both for designer and reviser of the specification.