淡水网箱养殖自动投饵机设计

The design of automatic feeding machine for freshwater cage culture

针对现有网箱养殖中投饵机位置固定,饲料投放不定量的现状,考虑网箱养殖环境的影响因素,利用传感器、轨道传动和PLC技术(方法),设计了一种可定量投饲的移动式网箱养殖自动投饵机。文章介绍了网箱养殖自动投饵系统的布局,投饵机的工作原理、技术要求,以及轨道铺设要求。然后,详细介绍了投饵机设计基本参数的理论分析过程,行走系统和投饲装置关键部件的结构设计计算过程(结果),行走系统可对多个网箱进行移动式投饲,定量下料机构可实现定量式投饵,提高了网箱养殖饲料投放过程的机械化水平和自动化水平,降低了劳动强度,增加养殖效益。以4m×6m×3m规格的网箱为例,进行成本分析,当网箱个数在10个以上时,使用该自动投饵机比一般的单个自动投饵机更经济。

In view of current situation in the existing cage culture that the position of feeding machine is fixed and feeding is not quantified,considering the affecting factors of cage feeding culture,using sensor,track transmission and PLC technology,a mobile cage culture automatic feeding machine for quantitative feeding is designed.This paper introduces the layout of the automatic feeding system for cage culture,the working principle,technical requirements as well as track laying requirements of the feeder.Then,the theoretical analysis process of the basic design parameters of the feeding machine and the structural design and calculation process of the key components of the walking system and the feeding device are introduced in detail.The walking system is able to carry on the mobile feeding to many net cages,and the quantitative feeding mechanism can realize the quantitative feeding,which improves the mechanization and automation level of the net cage feeding process,reduces the labor intensity and increases the breeding benefit.Taking cage of specification of 4 m×6 m×3 m as an example to carry out the cost analysis,when the number of cages is more than 10,the use of the automatic feeding machine is more economical than single automatic feeding machine in general.