巴里坤东黑沟遗址出土串饰玻璃珠材质与制作工艺的初步分析

Primary Analysis on the Material and Technology of Glass Beads on an Ornament Excavated from Dongheigou Site in Balikun County

以新疆巴里坤东黑沟遗址出土的一件串饰上6个玻璃珠为研究对象,利用超景深三维显微视频系统、X射线荧光光谱仪等现代科技手段对其表面形貌、钻孔方式、化学组成进行了无损观察和分析。结果表明:6个玻璃珠属于中国本土生产的铅玻璃;单色玻璃珠采用熔融铸造成型法制成,而蜻蜓眼玻璃珠是先制作单色玻璃基体,再将分开制作好的眼眶嵌入到单色玻璃基体中;钻孔方式有单面钻和模具预先留孔;铜或铁元素是作为着色剂使用;这批玻璃珠中气泡较多,总体来看其制作工艺较粗。

The surface topography,style of drilling holes and chemical components of six glass beads on an ornament,which were unearthed from the Dongheigou Site in Balikun County,Xinjiang Autonomous Region,were analyzed without damage by super depth of 3D video microscopy systems and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.The results show that the six glass beads,which are made of lead glass,are made in ancient China.Monochromatic glass is made using the method of molten casting molding.However the dragonfly eye glass bead is firstly made the monochrome glass substrate,then the eye socket are embedded separately into monochrome glass substrate.One drilling method is drilling from one side to another side directly.Another method is leaving a hole in the mould in advance.The copper or iron element is used as colorant in the glass beads.The craftsmanship is rough because of many bubbles in these glass products.