镉对土壤微生物的影响及微生物修复镉污染研究进展

Research Progress on the Influence of Cadmium on Soil Microorganism and Bioremediation Technology

随着工业的发展及农业化肥和农资物质的广泛施用,土壤重金属污染越来越严重,其中镉污染问题尤为突出。阐述了土壤中镉污染的现状以及镉污染对土壤微生物的影响。随着土壤中镉浓度的增加,对土壤微生物影响越大,高浓度(1 000 mg/kg)能导致微生物种群数量减少甚至完全消失。在总结已有的研究基础上,提出微生物生物量受到镉抑制临界值(浓度)范围可能分别为:20~40 mg/kg。同时综述了微生物(真菌、细菌和藻类菌体)对土壤中污染镉的修复技术,并对土壤镉污染治理和修复提出问题和展望。

As the rapid industrialization and wide use of chemical fertilizers,agricultural material,more and more agricultural soils were polluted by the Cadmium(Cd).The article introduced that Cd biological toxic effects to soil microorganisms,with the Cd content increasing,the microorganisms and soil enzyme are reduced,even disappeared(1 000 mg/kg).On the basis of summarizing the existing research,it is suggested that the range of critical value(concentration)of microbial biomass by cadmium inhibition is probably 20-40 mg/kg.At the same time,the remediation technology of contaminated cadmium by microorganisms(fungi,bacteria and algae)is reviewed,and the problems and prospects for treatment of cadmium pollution in soil and remediation of cadmium pollution in soil are put forward.