广东省全面土地改革前征粮问题初探

Preliminary Study on Grain Tax Levies Issue Before Comprehensive Land Reform in Guangdong Province

征收公粮是广东全面土地改革前的头等大事,起着保障部队和稳定人民政权的重要作用。1949年广东的秋征工作面临一些困难:一是来自地主的抵抗和土匪特务的破坏;二是存在配额和税率的不合理以及"左"的偏差等问题。对此,中共中央华南分局和广东省人民政府采取灵活的措施,在1950年夏秋征中进行了政策调整。在广大农民的支持下,广东全面土地改革前的征粮工作基本满足了军事和财政的需要,为土地改革奠定了基础。

Grain tax levy was the first priority before the comprehensive land reform in Guangdong and played an important role in safeguarding the troops and stabilizing the people's regime. In 1949, autumn grain tax levy in Guangdong faced some difficulties: the first was the resistance from landlords and the destruction of bandits, the second was the unreasonable quotas and tax rates, "left" deviation and so on. Therefore the South China Branch of the Central Committee of the CPC and the People's Government of Guangdong Province adopted flexible measures and carried out policy adjustments in the summer of 1950. With the support of farmers, grain tax levy work basically met the military and financial needs before comprehensive land reform in Guangdong and laid a foundation for land reform.