官山国家级自然保护区不同林地类型昆虫群落多样性

Diversity of insect communities in different woodland types in Guanshan nature reserve

针对江西官山国家级自然保护区实验区中不同林地类型昆虫群落的调查,共采集到昆虫9目98科115种。其中膜翅目昆虫数量最多,针阔混交林昆虫种类最多。针阔混交林多样性指数为2.8541,显著高于砍伐杉木后的阔叶林(2.118 8)和自然阔叶林(2.4644)(F=14.638,P=0.0283)。自然阔叶林昆虫群落的优势集中性,优势度,群落均匀性分别为0.132 0,0.252 3和0.663 8。砍伐杉木后阔叶林的集中性和优势度分别为0.280 5和0.480 8,显著高于自然阔叶林(F=336.948,P=0.003 0;F=257.870,P=0.003 9),群落均匀性和多样性指数分别为0.572 9和2.118 8,显著低于自然阔叶林(F=158.657,P=0.006 2;F=16.863,P=0.054 5)。由此可知生态系统未得到较好的恢复。而同样经过砍伐的原经济针叶林经过多年的保护后,其昆虫多样性指数为2.802 3,生态系统得到了较好的恢复。

Aim at investigating the insect community in the experimental zone of Guanshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province,we totally collected 9 orders,98 families,115 species of insects from 20 August to 20 September in 2016.The Hymenoptera insect was dominant species,and the insect species were richest in natural mingled forest.The diversity index of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest was 2.854 1,which was significantly higher than that of the broad-leaved forest with the fir being cut down(2.1188)and that of the natural broad-leaved forest(2.464 4)(F=14.638,P=0.028 3).The dominant concentration,dominance and community evenness of insect community in natural broad-leaved forest were 0.132 0,0.252 3 and 0.6638,respectively.The concentration and dominance of the broad-leaved forest with the fir being cut down were 0.2805 and 0.4808,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of natural broad-leaved forest(F=336.948,P=0.0030;F=257.870,P=0.003 9).The community evenness and diversity index were 0.572 9 and 2.118 8,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of natural broadleaf forest(F=158.657,P=0.0062;F=16.863,P=0.054 5).Therefore,it can be seen that the ecosystems were not well restored.However,for the original economically coniferous forest with its cutting being stopped and its protection being continued for many years,the insect diversity index was 2.8023,and the ecosystem was well restored.