我国农村社区韧性的评估方法及提升研究——以阜宁“6·23”龙卷风灾区为例

EVALUATION AND PROMOTION OF RURAL COMMUNITY RESILIENCE IN CHINA:A CASE STUDY OF “6·23” FUNING TORNADO DISASTER

近年来,我国突发性气象灾害事件明显增多。农村地区与城市地区相比,在防灾减灾建设方面相对薄弱,导致农村地区在遭遇灾害后损失较大。此外,目前大多数防灾减灾的研究重点在城市,对农村的关注较少。本研究从农村社区韧性入手,以阜宁"6·23"龙卷风灾区为例,通过实地调研和问卷调查获得第一手的资料和数据,在借鉴国内外相关研究成果的基础上,构建农村社区韧性的评价指标体系,采用层次分析法(AHP)确定农村社区韧性的指标权重,然后计算出23个重灾村的韧性得分,并通过与实际灾损情况的比较研究,探究龙卷风灾害损失的主要影响因素。最后,本文针对阜宁受灾地区的薄弱环节提出了提升农村社区韧性的具体方法。

In recent years,sudden meteorological disasters in China have increased significantly.Rural areas are relatively weak in disaster prevention and mitigation compared with urban areas.And it resulted in large losses after disaster attacks.In addition,most of the researches on disaster prevention and reduction focus on cities,less attention to rural areas at present.This study explores this area,starting from the resilience of rural communities,by the case study of Funing"6·23"tornado disaster.The first-hand data are obtained through the local governments and distribute questionnaires to the disaster site.The paper applies the way of AHP to construct the evaluation index system of the resilience of the rural community,and calculates and analyzes the important indicators of resilience in rural communities.The paper analyzes the relationship between actual disaster loss and some indexes through comparing with the actual disaster situation,the correlation between actual disaster loss and some indexes is analyzed.At last,the paper puts forward a concrete way to enhance the toughness of the rural community aiming at weak links in the affected areas of Funing.