PM2.5对呼吸系统的影响以及呼吸道益生菌的发展前沿

Effects of PM2.5 on respiratory system and the development of probiotics in respiratory tract

当大气处于污染状态时,大气中各种悬浮颗粒物含量将增多,尤其是细颗粒物PM2.5。PM2.5因粒径小,比表面积大,易于吸附空气中有毒有害物质且在大气中悬浮停留时间长,输送距离远,所以在大气污染中占据重要位置。PM2.5极易避开鼻毛和支气管纤毛的滤过,由鼻腔入侵到达肺泡并沉积于肺组织,引起上呼吸道感染,并出现支气管哮喘、肺炎等症状。呼吸道感染不仅影响健康发育,而且引起不少并发症,严重还会危及生命。呼吸道菌群分类,优势菌制成益生菌制剂来调节呼吸道微生态失调等疾病以及对益生菌制剂研发尚在探索中。近年来,肠道、阴道益生菌制剂对人体微生态失调等疾病的治疗已经达到一定效果,但呼吸道益生菌制剂的应用方面较少,成品治疗有待进一步研发。

When the atmosphere is polluted,the content of various suspended particulates in the atmosphere will increase,especially the fine particulate matter PM2.5.Due to its small particle size and large specific surface area,PM2.5 is easy to adsorb toxic and harmful substances in the air and stays in the air for a long time and has a long transportation distance.Therefore,it occupies an important position in air pollution.PM2.5 easily avoids nasal and bronchial cilia filtration,nasal invasion to the alveoli and deposited in the lung tissue,causing upper respiratory tract infection,and bronchial asthma,pneumonia and other symptoms.Respiratory infections not only affect the healthy development,but also cause a lot of complications,but also serious life-threatening.Classification of respiratory flora,the advantages of bacteria made of probiotics to regulate respiratory microecosystem disorders and other probiotics probiotics research are developing.In recent years,intestinal,vaginal probiotics on human diseases such as microbiological treatment has reached a certain effect,but less application of respiratory probiotics,the finished product treatment needs further research and development.