Cu-Mg合金连续挤压成形过程的数值模拟和试验对比分析

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Comparison Analysis of Cu-Mg Alloy Continuous Extrusion Forming Process

对高速铁路用Cu-Mg合金接触线进行了热变形模拟试验,试验结果显示,Cu-Mg合金的应力-应变曲线特征在400℃时主要以加工硬化为主,而在500℃以上时,不同应变速率条件下的应力-应变曲线均表现出了一定程度的加工软化特征,且温度越高应变速率越低,加工软化特征越明显。结合铜镁合金热变形模拟试验的结果和Arrhenius双曲正弦函数,建立了铜镁合金的本构方程。通过Deform 3D软件平台,并利用铜镁合金的本构方程,对高速铁路用Cu-Mg合金接触线连续挤压生产过程进行了3D有限元数值模拟分析,对比模拟结果与生产试验结果可知,两者的温度场分布基本一致,数值模拟结果的可靠性得到了验证。此外,结合3D有限元数值模拟结果,对高速铁路用Cu-Mg合金接触线连续挤压成形过程中出现的分层缺陷进行了分析,认为Cu-Mg合金接触线连续挤压成形生产过程中出现的分层缺陷是由于连续挤压过程中正压力异常分布所造成的。

The thermal simulate deformation experiment for Cu-Mg alloy was carried out,and the results of experiment showed that the stress-strain curves characteristics of the materials mainly for work hardening in 400℃,while the curves was partly performed as working softening above 500℃,and the characteristic of working softening was clearer when the temperature was higher and the strain rate was lower.Constitutive equation was constructed for Cu-Mg alloy utilize the Arrhenius hyperbolic sine function combining the results of thermal simulate deformation experiment.Numerical simulation analysis for continuous extrusion forming of Cu-Mg alloy used for high speed railway was carried out by the software platform Deform 3D utilize the constitutive equation,and the reliability of simulation results was confirmed because it was coincided with test results.The lamination defects of Cu-Mg alloy continuous extrusion forming was analyzed combining the results of simulation,and the analysis was supposed that the normal pressure abnormal distribution was contributed to the lamination defects.