维特根斯坦游戏理论视域下的体育本质问题解读

An Interpretation of the Essence of Sports From the Perspective of Wittgenstein's Theory of Plays

维特根斯坦将人类生活的全部领域都视为游戏,把游戏作为一种生活现象和实践形式来考察。游戏概念具有模糊性、描述性和动态性。游戏只具有家族相似性特征。生活形式以及由它决定的游戏是丰富多彩的。他的游戏理论为一些重大体育理论问题的探讨提供了全新的思考方法和研究视角。体育不能解释和说明而只能描述,只具有家族相似性特征。对体育强国的理解应是动态的,中国还没有迈入体育强国,至多算作竞技体育强国。游戏是人文精神的本源,只有人们在体育运动中主动地倡导体育人文精神,才能实现对人价值的肯定和对人生命的关怀。为了使举国体制的运行回归人文主义,要对现行的举国体制进行改革。

Wittgenstein regards all fields of human life as plays.He investigates plays as a life phenomenon and the form of practice.The concept of plays is fuzzy,descriptive and dynamic.Plays have only the characteristics of family similarity.The form of life and plays based on it are rich.His theory of plays offers the brand new thinking method and researching perspective for the discussion of some significant theoretical problems of sports.Sports can not be explained but only be described,and has only the characteristic of family similarity.The understanding of the sports power should be dynamic,and China has not entered the sports power,at most entered strong countries in competitive sports.Plays are sources of humanistic spirit.Only when people actively advocate sports humanistic spirit in sports,can the affirmation of human value and the concern for human life be realized.In order to make the operation of whole national system regress to humanism,the current system should be reformed.