杨/柳絮与其他天然纤维的微观结构比较研究

Comparative Study on Microstructure of Flocculant/Catkin with Natural Fiber

以春季漫天飘飞的杨絮/柳絮为研究对象,将其与棉花/蚕丝天然纤维的微观结构进行比较研究,分别用体视显微镜、扫描电镜观测其形貌;用溴化钾压片法及全反射(ATR)测定FTIR光谱。分析研究其形貌及微观结构,实验结果表明:杨絮/柳絮与棉花/蚕丝天然纤维形貌有显著差异—棉花纤维较粗、且具有优良的拉伸性能,而杨絮、柳絮纤维则较短,拉伸性能比较差;FTIR光谱比较分析,发现棉花与杨絮、柳絮的主要化学结构都是纤维素,但是棉花纤维中氢键结合的羟基(—OH)伸缩振动吸收峰吸收强度明显大于杨絮,这也是导致棉花纤维长、纤维拉伸性能优于杨絮、柳絮的因素之一;蚕丝纤维与棉花、杨絮柳絮这些植物纤维不同,它的主要结构为酰胺结构。它们微观结构的差异决定了这些纤维不同的性能和用途。

The morphology and microstructure of catkins orflower cluster of poplar/willow were studied comparing with cotton/natural silkby the means of stered microscope,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and total reflection(ATR)spectra(FTIR),respectively.The experimental results showed that the morphology of cotton/silk fiber was thicker and had excellent tensile performance,while poplar catkin fiber was shorter with,less tensile properties.The FTIR analysis showed that the main chemical compositions of cotton andpoplar catkins were cellulose and the stretching vibration absorption peak of hydroxyl(-OH)groups in hydrogen bond network of cotton fiber was significantlystronger than poplar catkin fiber.This may explain why the tensile properties ofcotton fiber length,fiber flocculant is superior to the catkins of poplar andwillow.Silk fiber is different from plant fiber,such as,cotton,poplar catkin)whose main structure is amide structure.Their microstructure difference determines the different properties and applications.