明人诗文里的北直隶印象——由边塞到京畿

The impression of North Zhili in Ming Dynasty's works——From a frontier to the capital and its environs

明代北直隶地区,大体包括今日北京、天津及河北省大部,金代之前,此地多为边塞,带给时人浓厚的边疆色彩,从许多文学作品可以得到这一印象。自金代定鼎燕京开始,河北地区由辽宋对峙的边疆开始转变为中央帝国统治的中心,这一地区也由边塞文化占主导的文化取向逐渐演化成了京师文化潮流带动下的京畿文化风气。北直隶地区自身文化取向由此兼俱京师与边塞的特征,京师之繁华辐辏、边塞之苦寒凄凉共同汇聚于这一地区。这里本是中原王朝捍御北方边患之所在,在成为京师之后,文化面貌逐渐发生变化。通过明代相关诗文的印证,力图揭示其中北直隶印象的形成与转变。

The North Zhili region includes Beijing,Tianjin and most parts of Hebei provinces in the Ming Dynasty.Most of the time the place was the frontier before the Jin Dynasty,showing the impression of the frontier to People at that time.The point can be supported from many literary works.From the moment that Beijing became the capital of the Jin Dynasty,the Hebei area became the center of the central empire from the border between Liao and Song Dynasties.This local culture gradually evolved into the culture under the leadership of the capital culture from the frontier culture.The culture of the North Zhili area has characteristics of the capital and the borderland.This area has the feature comprising prosperity of the capital and hardships of the frontier.This is the area where the northern edge of the Central Empire to defend against the risk from the north.Its culture has gradually changed after it became the capital of the Central Empire.This paper reveals the formation and transformation of the impression of the North Zhili by retrieving the related poems of the Ming Dynasty.