应用圆分布法分析某院精神疾病季节分布特征

Analysis of Seasonal Variation of Psychiatric Disorders in a Hospital Using Circular Distribution

目的分析南昌市某三甲综合医院心身医学科门诊就诊患者的季节分布特征,为进一步预防及治疗精神疾病提供参考。方法对2013年1月至2015年12月南昌大学第一附属医院心身医学科门诊就诊患者(76 661人次)进行描述性及圆分布分析,根据《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类》(ICD-10)进行分类诊断。结果 2015年门诊就诊人次较2013年增长了49.6%;以F20-F29(精神分裂症、分裂型障碍和妄想性障碍),F30-F39(心境情感障碍),F40-F48(神经症性、应激相关的及躯体形式障碍),F50-F59(伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征)为主要疾病(占95.87%);就诊人员多集中于夏、秋两季(占51.64%)。2013—2015年各年就诊存在明显集中趋势(P<0.05);3年合计就诊也存在一个明显的集中趋势,平均角是226.56°,对应日期是8月18日(P<0.05),F30-F39平均角对应日期是8月20日,F40-F48平均角对应日期是8月17日(P<0.05)。结论精神疾病就诊存在明显季节性差异,南昌地区以夏季高发;其中F30-F39、F40-F48以8月为高发月份,应加强该月份精神疾病的防治工作。

Objective To analyze the seasonal distribution of patients visiting the Psychosomatic Medicine Clinic of a first-class comprehensive hospital in Nanchang,and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of psychiatric disorders.Methods Descriptive and circular distribution analysis was performed in 76 661 patients who attended the Psychosomatic Medicine Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2013 and December 2015.The classification and diagnosis were carried out according to“International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Prob1ems,Tenth Revision”(ICD-10).Results The number of outpatients increased by 49.6%from 2013 to 2015.The schizophrenia(F20-F29),schizotypal disorders and delusional disorders,mood disorders(F30-F39),neuropathic,stress-related and somatic form disorders(F40-F48),and behavioral syndromes with physiological disorders and somatic factors(F50-F59)were the main diseases(95.87%).Most patients(51.64%)visited the clinic in summer and autumn.There was a trend of centralization for visiting from 2013 to 2015(P<0.05).The mean angle of total visiting was 226.56 degree,which was equivalent to August 18(P<0.05).The mean angles of F30-F39 and F40-F48 were equivalent to August 20 and August 17,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychiatric disorders have obvious seasonal variations with high incidence in summer in Nanchang.The F30-F39 and F40-F48 occur most fr equently in August.Therefore,the prevention and treatment psychiatric disorders should be strengthened in this month.