应用生物完整性指数评价我国河流的生态健康

Methods and prospects of index of biological integrity used for China river ecological health assessment

河流生态健康评价是开展流域水生态健康评估和管理的重要技术基础,生物完整性是评估流域生态完整性的重要构成指标.基于生物群落特征参数的多参数指数(MMI)和预测模型的样点物种组成观测值与期望值比值的O/E指数(O,观测值;E,期望值),是应用最广泛的评价生物完整性的两个重要指数;美国和欧盟等都已建立完善的基于生物完整性指数评价水生态健康的国家和地方规范.本文综述了MMI和O/E指数的基本概念和构建方法,比较了两者的共同点和优缺点;回顾了两者的发展简史和国内外的应用现状,分析了目前我国对MMI和O/E指数研究与应用的现状和不足,并提出了国内未来研究和应用MMI与O/E指数的建议.

Aquatic ecosystem condition assessment is the fundamental for water environmental management and water environmental health assurance.Biological integrity is the main composition of ecological integrity,which is a key indicator for aquatic ecosystem condition.Aquatic assemblage attributes based multimetric(MMI)and River Invertebrate Prediction and Classification System(RIVPACS)type observed to expected taxa difference(O/E)index are two worldwide commonly used indices for health of aquatic ecosystem assessment.The USA and EU have established national and local policy and regulatory literatures for biological integrity assessments in stream ecosystems.The paper reviewed the basic concepts and development methods for MMI and O/E indices development,their comparisons,and summarized their shared same points,and pros and cons.The paper also discussed the achievements,gaps,perspectives,research efforts,and key research points in developing a national protocol of water quality bioassessment using MMI and O/E indices in China.