建筑隔声测量不确定度及其在分级评价中的应用

Uncertainty of Sound Insulation Measurement of Buildings and its Application in Sound Reduction Grading

我国的建筑隔声分级评价体系和绿色建筑的隔声性能评价方法都未能体现建筑构件空气声隔声单值量的测量不确定度,从而造成测量与评价的困难。根据ISO 12999-1所规定的隔声单值量不确定度评定方法计算30个构件的隔声单值量不确定度,并结合GB/T 50121规定的分级评价体系进行分析。结果表明在普通频率范围内,对于三种不同频谱修正的全正相关不确定度皆随计权隔声量的增加而加大,而在扩展低频范围时,这种斜率的差异会更明显,这是因为建筑构件在低频范围较弱的隔声性能会极大影响其不确定度;若构件在低频范围和高频范围分别受阻尼控制作用和吻合作用而产生"低谷",则低谷越大,其隔声单值量不确定度越大;采用隔声单值量的测量不确定度后,方能较好地利用隔声单值量进行建筑隔声分级评价以及绿色建筑隔声性能评价。

Currently,our domestic sound insulation grading system of buildings and sound insulation performance evaluation method of green construction are unlikely to reflect the uncertainties of single-value quantities(SVQ)of the airborne sound insulation in building components,so that the measurement and evaluation of sound insulation of the buildings become difficult.In this paper,the uncertainties of SVQs of thirty building’s components are calculated according to the method specified by ISO 12999-1.The results are analyzed according to the standardized classification system of GB/T 50121.It is shown that in the normal frequency range,three kinds of the full positive correlation uncertainties of SVQ increase remarkably with the increasing of the weighted sound insulation.While in the low-frequency range,weak sound insulation performance of building components has a great influence on the uncertainty measurement.In the extended lowfrequency range,such a difference will be more significant.The study manifests that there is a valley between highfrequency and low-frequency sound ranges as a result of flexural resonances and coincidence effect.If the building components are dominated by damping in the low-frequency and high frequency ranges,they’ll generate high SVQ uncertainties.The SVQ is suitable for classifying and measuring sound insulation uncertainties in buildings,and is a useful tool in evaluating green building sound insulation performance.