依据纯音测听结果分析儿童听力损失的特点

Analysis the hearing disorder characteristics of children with pure tone audiogram

目的分析儿童听觉障碍的特点,为临床诊治提供参考。方法抽取150例听力测试异常患儿的纯音听力图,测试仪器为AD229b诊断听力计,测试地点为隔声室,按照WHO制定的听力损失等级标准以及骨导和气导听力阈值、骨气导差值判断听觉障碍的程度和性质,对不同类型听觉障碍程度进行比较。结果 150例患儿共检出听力损失225耳,传导性听力损失最多105耳,感音神经损失次之93耳,混合型听力损失最少27耳。传导性听力损失<7岁者多见,混合性听力损失>7岁者多见,感音神经听力损失在>7岁者中略高于<7岁者。传导性听力损失中以轻度和中度为主,感音神经听力损失在中度以上,极重度最多,混合型听力损失在中度和重度中分布类似,极重度次之,无轻度病例,3组听力损失比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。150例患儿中有75例为单耳听力损失,其中传导性听力损失35耳,感音神经听力损失37耳,混合性听力损失3耳;传导性听力损失以轻度为主,感音神经听力损失极重度为主,混合性听力损失重度多见,单耳听力损失患儿中感音神经听力损失极重度较传导性听力损失者多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论传导性听觉障碍以轻度为主,中度次之,重度少见,极重度罕见;感音神经性听觉障碍以中度以上听觉障碍多见,尤其是重度、极重度多见;单耳感音神经性耳聋以重度、极重度多见;临床应根据听力障碍的类型及听觉障碍程度采用不同的治疗方法和干预措施。

Objective To analyze the hearing disorders characteristics of children,so as to provide references for clinical treatment.Methods One hundred and fifty cases of abnormal hearing tests with pure tone audiogram,the test with AD229b diagnosis audiometerin the acoustic chamber,judgment standard level of hearing disorders for the WHO and the bone conduction and air conduction hearing threshold,character difference to judge the degree of hearing disorders and nature.Results There were 225 ears with hearing disorders,including 105 ears conductive hearing disorders,93 ears of sensorineural hearing disorders,27 ears of mixed hearing disorders.The main conductive hearing disorders was<7 years,>7 years was mixed hearing disorders,of which the age>7 years of sensorineural hearing disorders was higer than<7 years.There was statistical senses among three groups(P<0.05).Among 150 patients there were 75 patients were single ear hearing disorders,in which there were 35 ears with conductive hearing disorders,37 ears with sensorineural hearing disorders and 3 ears with mixed hearing disorders.The concentration ratio of sensorineural hearing disorders with single heating disorders was more than conductive hearing disorders(P<0.05).Conclusion Conductive hearing disorders is mainly mild,moderate,severe and profound deafness.The disorders of sensorineural hearing disorders is more than that of moderate or above hearing disorders,especially in severe and profound deafness cases.single ear sensorineural hearing disorders was severe and e profound deafness.