大倾角煤层飞矸运移能量演化特征仿真与实验研究

Simulation and experiment research on the evolution characteristics of flying gangue energy in steeply dipping coal seam

大倾角工作面飞矸运移过程能量演化特征对设备(人员)损伤影响显著,是科学防护飞矸灾害的基础。以大倾角大采高工作面为工程背景,通过理论分析、数值计算及物理模拟方法对飞矸运移方式、能量演化、距离定量进行了研究。结果表明:飞矸运动按阶段可分为一次碰撞与倾向碰撞滑移阶段,按方式分为一次碰撞滑移、多次间歇碰撞及多次间歇碰撞滑移3种;飞矸随煤层倾角增加走向、倾向滑移(滚)距离增加,对人员及设备的伤损程度相应提高;飞矸在扰动力和重力作用下,一次碰撞及倾向碰撞滑移阶段能量耗散为变形能、摩擦热和其它形式耗散能,宏观上能量演化表现在飞矸速度、位移发生变化;对工作面飞矸损物事故进行实验模拟,运移距离理论计算值与实测值较好的吻合。

The evolution characteristics of flying gangue energy have a significant influence on the equipment(personnel)damage in steeply dipping coal seam,which is the basis of scientific protection against flying gangue disasters.Taking the steeply dipping seam with large mining height as engineering background,this paper studied the migration mode,energy evolution and distance quantification of flying gangue through theoretical analysis,numerical calculation and physical simulation.The results show that the flying gangue movement can be divided into first collision stage and stage of collision and slippage along the working face inclination,which is divided into three types:one-collision and slippage mode,repeatedly intermittent collision mode and repeatedly intermittent collision and slippage mode.The tendency of slipping(rolling)distance increased,and the degree of injury to personnel and equipment increased correspondingly.Under the action of disturbing force and gravity,the energy of flying gangue dissipates into deformation energy,frictional energy,heat energy and other forms of energy during flying gangue’s movement.Flying gangue energy evolution macroscopically shows its velocity and displacement changes.The accident of flying gangue damage on the working face was simulated by physical simulation,and the calculated value of the migration distance was in good agreement with the measured value.