《民法典》制定背景下船舶物权制度的体例安排

The Body Arrangement of the Ship's Property Right under the Background of The Civil Law's Compilation

我国将船舶定位为"特殊动产",并将其物权变动规定于《物权法》当中,但这样的立法定位滋生了许多理论与实践问题。对此,以《民法典》的制定为背景,分析我国现行法律以及比较法中对船舶的物权变动立法体例,建议将海商法船舶采用登记对抗主义规定于民法典之外的特殊法当中,将小型船舶适用一般动产的物权变动规则规定于《民法典》物权编,以便弥补目前船舶物权制度现行立法体例的不足。

The Real Right Law of the People s Republic of China has provided that the ship is a kind of“special chattels”.And with the formulation of the Civil Code of China as the background,analysis of China’s current laws and comparative laws to the change of real right legislation.The suggestions is that the ships shoud be formulate in the special law,which is the Maritime Law,outside the Civil Code of China.And the small ships and vehicles are formulate as the general property,which should be formulate in the Civil Code of China,and in the chapter of the real right.So that we can make up for the shortcomings of the current legislation of the system of real right of ship.