输血对贫血早产儿生命体征及血流动力学的影响

The Influence of Blood Transfusion on Vital Signs and Hemodynamics in Preterm Infants with Anemia

目的探讨输血对贫血早产儿生命体征及血流动力学的影响。方法纳入2013年1月~2015年6月胎龄小于34周且首次入住本院NICU并接受输血治疗的早产儿60例为研究对象,对输血早产儿的输血前和输血后24 h内呼吸、脉搏、血压、体温的生命体征进行观察;同时记录输血前及输血后24 h内呼吸机参数、氧合参数、乳酸水平及心输血量等的变化。结果与输血前相比,输血后24 h内贫血早产儿的呼吸频率和心率均明显下降(P<0.05)。输血后收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、体温较前均无明变化(P>0.05);输血后24 h内贫血早产儿的呼吸机使用参数、乳酸及氧合情况均没有明显变化;输血后左心室输出量(LVO)、每搏输出量(SV)较前均无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论贫血早产儿的心率及呼吸频率在输血后明显降低,而贫血早产儿的其他血液动力学指标及氧合情况则无明显改变。

Objective To explore the effects of blood transfusion on the vital signs and hemodynamics in preterm infants with anemia.Methods A total of 60 anemic preterm infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks who accepted blood transfusion one week after birth were enrolled for the study from January 2013 to June 2015.Each infant had 2sets of vital and echocardiographic evaluations within 24 h after transfusion.The following data were collected:respiratory rate in breaths/min,heart rate in beats/min,diastolic,systolic,and mean arterial blood pressures(DBP,SBP,and MBP)in mmHg,ventilation indexes,oxygenation and lactic acid,and left ventricular output(LVO)in ml/min/kg.Results The heart rate and respiratory rate decreased significantly within 24 h after blood transfusion(P<0.05).The systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,mean arterial pressure,and body temperature were not statistically different in pre-and post-transfusion(P>0.05).The LVO and SV showed no significant changes after transfusion(P>0.05).Conclusions Blood transfusion can decrease heart rate and respiratory rate and shows no significant effect on the hemodynamics in preterm infants with anemia.And no significant improvement was noted in oxygenation following blood transfusion in preterm infants.