论李乔与驼铃小说的政治抵抗

On the Political Resistance in the Fictions of Li Qiao and Tuoling

台湾和大马显然具有政治、社会和族群结构上的差异,不过不管是在二战前或战后两者却有许多相似之处。首先在过去的历史中她们都经历了漫长与艰苦的殖民统治压制,但也激起了人民的反抗情绪。战后虽然独立/光复了,并不意味着当家做主,只是换了另一个政权、另一个主子。台湾人从日本人的统治改为国民党当政,大马华人从被英国人殖民换成被马来人主导,同样是被边缘化的命运。在这样的基础上,台湾文学与马华文学如何再现这些过去的政治和历史,把它们置于同一个平台,显然是具有比较与分析的基础。本文尝试以两位著名小说家,即台湾的李乔以及马华的驼铃作为具体的比较对象,通过他们的三部涉及政治与历史的中长篇小说作为对比文本,以政治抵抗的视角勘察他们书写的同中之异与异中之同。这项比较也希望展示两地的政治生态与族群之间的微妙关系,以及两地的作家如何替底层受压制的群体发声。

Despite the differences in politics,society and the structure of ethnic groups between Taiwan and Malaysia,there are many similarities between the two whether before the Second World War or after it.First of all,in the history of the past,they both experienced long and hard oppression of the colonial rule,which also led to feelings of resistance on the part of the people.The independence or restoration after the war did not mean that the people became their own masters as it only meant a regime change,with a different ruler.The Taiwan Residents people saw the Japanese rule turned into a Kuomintang government and Malaysian-Chinese witnessed the English colonial rule replaced with a Malay leadership,both peoples suffering a marginalized fate.Thus,Taiwan Residents literature and Malaysian-Chinese literature,on this basis,could obviously be compared and analyzed when placed on the same platform.This article is an attempt to use Li Qiao in Taiwan and Tuoling in Malaysia as concrete comparative objects,with their three novellas or novels about politics and history as texts for comparisons,to examine the differences in similarities or similarities in differences of their writings from the perspective of political resistance.And,hopefully,with this comparison,the political ecologies of the two places and the subtle relationship between ethnic groups can be displayed,along with the ways in which the writers of these two places speak for the suppressed groups at the bottom of the society.