刑事案件中的积极辩护事由及其司法证明——“于欢案”的证据法视角

Judicial Proof of Affirmative Defense in Criminal Cases:Evidence-law Perspective of “Yu Huan” Case

我国立法中虽然没有出现"积极辩护事由"这个术语,实践中却存在类似的做法。关于这类辩护事由的司法证明如何展开,理论界争议很大,实务活动各式各样,没有统一标准。正视这一问题,结合我国的法治传统与司法环境,借鉴域外有利因素,将我国积极辩护事由的司法证明朝向既有利于控辩双方推进诉讼进程又有利于案件事实真相发现的方向发展,符合我国职权主义诉讼模式中引入当事人主义合理要素的改革趋势。

Although there is no such term as“Affirmative Defense”in China’s legislation,there are very similar defenses in our judicial practice.How the judicial proof of such defenses works is a great theoretical controversy in China,so in practice the judicial proof of such defenses has no uniform standard.Facing this problem,it becomes very important to combine China’s legislation backgrounds and legal traditions,using advantageous legal points in foreign countries for reference,steering the judicial proof of Affirmative Defense to advancing the litigation progress by both sides as well as to revealing the truth,which is consistent with the reform in China that introduces the rational elements of adversary system to inquisitorial system.