歧义容忍度在二语语言水平僵化过程中的效应

The Role of Ambiguity Tolerance in Fossilization in Second Language Learning

歧义容忍度是学习者的个体风格,对其二语学习具有重大影响:提高习得效果,抑或阻碍学习,甚至产生僵化。受歧义容忍度影响的僵化成因既有外因也有内因:外因包括语言的复杂性和教学指导不足,内因主要涉及知识加工和心理因素。研究发现:歧义容忍度不同,这些内外因素对学习者的影响亦不同。歧义容忍度不高的学习者无法像歧义容忍度高的学习者那样应对自如,积极解决问题,致使语言学习陷入僵化。另外,在歧义容忍度的作用下,学习者语言水平的僵化呈现出更加明显的个性化、内因化特征。

Ambiguity tolerance,as a learner’s individual style,has a significant impact on second language learning,which is likely to enhance the acquisition or inhibit the learning and even to induce fossilization.Both external and internal factors leading to fossilization are influenced by ambiguity tolerance,respectively covering language complexity as well as lack of instruction and knowledge processing along with psychological category.And it is concluded that the effect of these external and internal factors on learners’language learning varies with ambiguity tolerance;unlike learners with great ambiguity tolerance,those with little ambiguity tolerance are unable to easily respond to ambiguous situations and fail to actively solve problems,which potentially contributes to fossilization.In addition,learners’fossilization tends to be more personalized and internalized due to the impact of ambiguity tolerance.