前牙种植体失败的危险因素分析

Risk factors for dental implant failure with the anterior teeth

目的比较前牙延期和即刻负重种植体的2年生存率,探讨与种植失败相关的危险因素。方法收集2012年7月—2015年7月期间进行的前牙种植患者126名,共植入种植体210颗,随访2年以上。使用Log Rank Test和Cox回归分析进行单因素及多因素生存分析,明确即刻负重及延期负重种植体失败的危险因素。结果前牙延期负重组和即刻负重组种植体2年生存率分别为96.3%和89.0%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),延期负重种植体具有更高的2年生存率。生存分析结果提示延期和即刻负重种植失败的危险因素均为上颌骨种植和种植期间吸烟。结论前牙即刻负重种植存在较高风险,上颌前牙区种植以及患者种植期间吸烟可能引起种植失败。

Objective To compare the 2-year survival rate of anterior implants with delayed or immediate loading and to explore the risk factors associated with immediate loading implantation.Methods A total of 126 patients were assessed from July 2012 to July 2015,including 210 implants.The patients were followed for more than 2 years.Univar-iate and multivariate survival analyses were performed using logrank tests and Cox regression analysis to identify risk factors for dental implant failure with the immediate loading or conventional loading of anterior teeth.Results The 2-year survival rates of anterior implants with delayed and immediate loading were 96.3%and 89.0%,respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The 2-year survival rate with delayed loading of implants was higher than that of the immediate loading of implants.Survival analysis indicated that the risk factors for implant failure were smoking and maxillary implantation in both the immediate loading and conventional loading groups.Conclusion There is high risk associated with the immediate loading of anterior implants.The immediate load-ing of maxillary anterior implants and smoking in association with implantation may cause implant failure.